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論文

Comprehensive estimation of nuclide production cross sections using a phenomenological approach

岩元 大樹; 明午 伸一郎; 杉原 健太*

Physical Review C, 109(5), p.054610_1 - 054610_12, 2024/05

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.109.054610

核種生成断面積は、原子力の研究、開発、宇宙探査、天体物理学的調査において極めて重要である。その重要性にもかかわらず、利用可能な実験データが限られているため、現象論的アプローチによる包括的な断面積推定の実用性が制限されている。この問題を解決するために、われわれは、豊富なデータを持つ元素の知識を、実験データが限られている、あるいは全くない元素に伝達することができるガウス過程に基づく機械学習(ML)モデルを提案する。われわれのMLモデルは、様々な元素の包括的な断面積推定を可能にするだけでなく、学習データが乏しい領域においても、物理モデルに近い予測能力を示す。

論文

Production rates of long-lived radionuclides $$^{10}$$Be and $$^{26}$$Al under direct muon-induced spallation in granite quartz and its implications for past high-energy cosmic ray fluxes

櫻井 敬久*; 紅林 泰*; 鈴木 颯一郎*; 堀内 一穂*; 高橋 唯*; 堂下 典弘*; 菊地 聡*; 門叶 冬樹*; 岩田 尚能*; 田島 靖*; et al.

Physical Review D, 109(10), p.102005_1 - 102005_18, 2024/05

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.102005

銀河宇宙線の永年変化は銀河の活動に密接に関係しており、局所的な銀河磁場・星間雲・超新星残骸の近くの環境が反映される。高エネルギー銀河宇宙線によって大気中で生成される高エネルギーミューオンは、深い地層まで透過し、岩石中に放射性同位体を生成する。$$^{10}$$Beや$$^{26}$$Alのような長寿命の放射性核種は岩石中に蓄積されるため、高エネルギーミューオンの収量の長期変動、ひいては数百万年間の高エネルギー銀河宇宙線(GCR)の長期変動の調査に利用できる。本研究では、CERN SPSのCOMPASS実験ラインにて、160GeV/cの正ミューオンを合成石英プレートと花崗岩コアに照射して、岩石中の$$^{10}$$Beと$$^{26}$$Alの生成断面積を測定した。更に、ミューオンが直接起こす核破砕反応とミューオンが生成した二次粒子が引き起こす反応が、岩石中での長寿命核種の生成にそれぞれどの程度寄与するかを明らかにした。

論文

Distinguishing ion dynamics from muon diffusion in muon spin relaxation

伊藤 孝; 門野 良典*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 93(4), p.044602_1 - 044602_7, 2024/04

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.93.044602
 被引用回数：0

We propose a model to describe the fluctuations in the internal magnetic field due to ion dynamics observed in muon spin relaxation ($$mu$$SR) by an Edwards-Anderson-type autocorrelation function that separates the quasi-static and dynamic components of the correlation by the parameter $$Q$$ (where $$0leq Qleq 1$$). Our Monte Carlo simulations for this model showed that the time evolution of muon spin polarization deviates significantly from the Kubo-Toyabe function. To further validate the model, the results of simulations were compared with the $$mu$$SR spectra observed in a hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite FAPbI$$_3$$ [with FA referring to HC(NH$$_2$$)$$_2$$], where local field fluctuations associated with the rotational motion of FA molecules and quasi-static fields from the PbI$$_3$$ lattice are presumed to coexist. The least-squares curve fitting showed reasonable agreement with the model with $$Q=0.947(3)$$, and the fluctuation frequency of the dynamical component was obtained. This result opens the door to the possibility of experimentally distinguishing fluctuations due to the dynamics of ions around muons from those due to the self-diffusion of muons. On the other hand, it suggests the need to carefully consider the spin relaxation function when applying $$mu$$SR to the issue of ion dynamics.

論文

Field-induced insulator-metal transition in EuTe$$_2$$

竹内 徹也*; 本多 史憲*; 青木 大*; 芳賀 芳範; 木田 孝則*; 鳴海 康雄*; 萩原 政幸*; 金道 浩一*; 軽部 皓介*; 播磨 尚朝*; et al.

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 93(4), p.044708_1 - 044708_10, 2024/04

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.93.044708

Electrical and magnetic properties of divalent europium antiferromagnet EuTe$$_2$$ are studied on single crystals grown from Te-flux method. Antiferromagnetism occurs at 11 K with an insulating ground state. Application of magnetic field induces a sudden resistance drop leading to a phase transition to metallic state. Energy band calculations reveal the appearance of a Fermi surface pocket with Te-5p character induced by the polarized Eu moments.

論文

Spin dependence in the $$p$$-wave resonance of $$^{139}$$$overrightarrow{textrm{La}}$+$overrightarrow{n}$

奥平 琢也*; 中部 倫太郎*; Auton, C. J.*; 遠藤 駿典; 藤岡 宏之*; Gudkov, V.*; 井出 郁央*; 猪野 隆*; 石角 元志*; 神原 理*; et al.

Physical Review C, 109(4), p.044606_1 - 044606_9, 2024/04

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.109.044606

We measured the spin dependence in a neutron-induced p-wave resonance by using a polarized epithermal neutron beam and a polarized nuclear target. Our study focuses on the 0.75 eV $$p$$-wave resonance state of $$^{139}$$La+n, where largely enhanced parity violation has been observed. We determined the partial neutron width of the $$p$$-wave resonance by measuring the spin dependence of the neutron absorption cross section between polarized $$^{139}$$La and polarized neutrons. Our findings serve as a foundation for the quantitative study of the enhancement effect of the discrete symmetry violations caused by mixing between partial amplitudes in the compound nuclei.

論文

High sensitivity of a future search for effects of $$P$$-odd/$$T$$-odd interactions on the 0.75 eV $$p$$-wave resonance in $$overrightarrow{n}$$+$$^{139}overrightarrow{textrm{La}}$$ forward transmission determined using a pulsed neutron beam

中部 倫太郎*; Auton, C. J.*; 遠藤 駿典; 藤岡 宏之*; Gudkov, V.*; 広田 克也*; 井出 郁央*; 猪野 隆*; 石角 元志*; 神原 理*; et al.

Physical Review C, 109(4), p.L041602_1 - L041602_4, 2024/04

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.109.L041602

Neutron transmission experiments can offer a new type of highly sensitive search for time-reversal invariance violating (TRIV) effects in nucleon-nucleon interactions via the same enhancement mechanism observed for large parity violating (PV) effects in neutron-induced compound nuclear processes. In these compound processes, the TRIV cross-section is given as the product of the PV cross-section, a spin-factor $$kappa$$, and a ratio of TRIV and PV matrix elements. We determined $$kappa$$ to be 0.59 $$pm$$ 0.05 for $$^{139}$$La+n using both (n, $$gamma$$) spectroscopy and ($$overrightarrow{n}$$+$$^{139}overrightarrow{textrm{La}}$$) transmission. This result quantifies for the first time the high sensitivity of the $$^{139}$$La 0.75 eV $$p$$-wave resonance in a future search for $$P$$-odd/$$T$$-odd interactions in ($$overrightarrow{n}$$+$$^{139}overrightarrow{textrm{La}}$$) forward transmission.

論文

Giant dipole resonance photofission and photoneutron reactions in $$^{238}$$U and $$^{232}$$Th

Filipescu, D.*; Gheorghe, I.*; Goriely, S.*; 西尾 勝久; 宇都宮 弘章*; 洲嵜 ふみ; 廣瀬 健太郎; 他10名*

Physical Review C, 109(4), p.044602_1 - 044602_23, 2024/04

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.109.044602

New measurements of photofission and photoneutron reactions on $$^{238}$$U and $$^{232}$$Th in the Giant Dipole Resonance (GDR) energy region have been performed at the laser Compton-scattering $$gamma$$-ray source of the NewSUBARU synchrotron radiation facility. The photoneutron ($$gamma, in$$) with $$i$$ = 1-3 and photofission ($$gamma, F$$) reactions have been discriminated by considering a Gaussian distribution of prompt-fission-neutron (PFN) multiplicities predicted by the theory of evaporation in sequential neutron emission from excited fission fragments. We report experimental ($$gamma, n$$), ($$gamma, 2n$$), ($$gamma, 3n$$) and ($$gamma, F$$) cross sections, average energies of PFNs and of($$gamma$$, $$in$$) photoneutrons, as well as the mean number of PFNs per fission and the width of the PFNs multiplicity distribution. Based on these primary experimental results and combined with reasonable assumptions, we extract also the first- and second-chance fission contributions.

論文

Proton diffusion in liquid 1,2,3-triazole studied by incoherent quasi-elastic neutron scattering

篠原 佑也*; 岩下 拓哉*; 中西 真大*; Osti, N. C.*; 古府 麻衣子; 楡井 真実; Dmowski, W.*; 江上 毅*

Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 128(6), p.1544 - 1549, 2024/02

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07685
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.01(Chemistry, Physical)

Improving the proton transport in polymer electrolytes impacts the performance of next-generation solid-state batteries. However, little is known about proton conductivity in nonaqueous systems due to the lack of an appropriate level of fundamental understanding. Here, we studied the proton transport in small molecules with dynamic hydrogen bonding, 1,2,3-triazole, as a model system of proton hopping in a nonaqueous environment using incoherent quasi-elastic neutron scattering. By using the jump-diffusion model, we identified the elementary jump-diffusion motion of protons at a much shorter length scale than those by nuclear magnetic resonance and impedance spectroscopy for the estimated long-range diffusion. In addition, a spatially restricted diffusive motion was observed, indicating that proton motion in 1,2,3-triazole is complex with various local correlated dynamics. These correlated dynamics will be important in elucidating the nature of the proton dynamics in nonaqueous systems.

論文

Weyl semimetallic state in the Rashba-Hubbard Model

久保 勝規

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 93(2), p.024708_1 - 024708_8, 2024/02

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.93.024708
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：94.61(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

We investigate the Hubbard model with the Rashba spin-orbit coupling on a square lattice. The Rashba spin-orbit coupling generates two-dimensional Weyl points in the band dispersion. In a system with edges along [11] direction, zero-energy edge states appear, while no edge state exists for a system with edges along an axis direction. The zero-energy edge states with a certain momentum along the edges are predominantly in the up-spin state on the right edge, while they are predominantly in the down-spin state on the left edge. Thus, the zero-energy edge states are helical. By using a variational Monte Carlo method for finite Coulomb interaction cases, we find that the Weyl points can move toward the Fermi level by the correlation effects. We also investigate the magnetism of the model by the Hartree-Fock approximation and discuss weak magnetic order in the weak-coupling region.

論文

Quantitative measurement of figure of merit for transverse thermoelectric conversion in Fe/Pt metallic multilayers

山崎 匠*; 平井 孝昌*; 八木 貴志*; 山下 雄一郎*; 内田 健一*; 関 剛斎*; 高梨 弘毅

Physical Review Applied (Internet), 21(2), p.024039_1 - 024039_11, 2024/02

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.21.024039
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.01(Physics, Applied)

This study presents a measurement method for determining the figure of merit for transverse thermoelectric conversion in thin-film forms. Leveraging the proposed methodology, we comprehensively investigate the transverse thermoelectric coefficient, in-plane electrical conductivity, and out-of-plane thermal conductivity in epitaxial and polycrystalline Fe/Pt metallic multilayers.

論文

Composition dependence of bulk properties in the Co-intercalated transition metal dichalcogenide Co$$_{1/3}$$TaS$$_{2}$$

Park, P.*; Cho, W.*; Kim, C.*; An, Y.*; Avdeev, M.*; 飯田 一樹*; 梶本 亮一; Park, J.-G.*

Physical Review B, 109(6), p.L060403_1 - L060403_7, 2024/02

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.109.L060403

Spontaneous Hall conductivity has recently been reported in the triangular lattice antiferromagnet Co$$_{1/3}$$TaS$$_{2}$$ under a zero magnetic field. This phenomenon originates from the distinctive noncoplanar triple-$$mathbf{Q}$$ magnetic ground state, possessing uniform real-space Berry curvature characterized by scalar spin chirality. We investigated the physical properties of Co$$_{1/3}$$TaS$$_{2}$$ by judiciously controlling the composition, revealing a drastic change in its bulk properties, even by slight variations in cobalt composition, despite the same crystal structure. For $$0.299 le x le 0.325$$, Co$$_{x}$$TaS$$_{2}$$ keeps all the characteristics of the ground state consistent with the previous studies --- two antiferromagnetic phase transitions at $$T_mathrm{N1}$$ and $$T_mathrm{N2}$$ ($$< T_mathrm{N1}$$), a large spontaneous Hall conductivity [$$sigma_{xy}(mathbf{H} = 0)$$], and a weak ferromagnetic moment along the $$c$$ axis. However, samples with $$x ge 0.330$$ exhibit distinct bulk properties, including the absence of both $$sigma_{xy}(mathbf{H} = 0)$$ and the weak ferromagnetic moment. Our neutron diffraction data reveal that Co$$_{x}$$TaS$$_{2}$$ with $$x ge 0.330$$ develops coplanar helical magnetic order with $$mathbf{q}_mathrm{m1} =(1/3, 0, 0)$$. This is entirely different from what has been seen in $$x le 0.325$$, explaining the observed composition dependence.

論文

Inelastic neutron scattering of hydrogen in palladium studied by semiclassical dynamics

志賀 基之; Thomsen, B.; 君塚 肇*

Physical Review B, 109(5), p.054303_1 - 054303_12, 2024/02

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.109.054303

パラジウム中の水素の中性子非弾性散乱スペクトルを有限温度での核量子効果を考慮して計算した。経路積分に基づく半古典分子動力学と機械学習ポテンシャルを組合せた計算手法を用いた。計算されたスペクトルは、水素原子の振動励起の基本波と第一高調波に対応するピークの位置と強度に関して、実験スペクトルとよく一致した。古典分子動力学法との比較から、中性子非弾性散乱スペクトルにおいて核量子効果が本質的な役割を果たしていることが示された。

論文

Quantum critical behavior of the hyperkagome magnet Mn$$_3$$CoSi

山内 宏樹; Sari, D. P.*; 安井 幸夫*; 坂倉 輝俊*; 木村 宏之*; 中尾 朗子*; 大原 高志; 本田 孝志*; 樹神 克明; 井川 直樹; et al.

Physical Review Research (Internet), 6(1), p.013144_1 - 013144_9, 2024/02

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.013144

$$beta$$-Mn-type family alloys Mn$$_3$$$$TX$$ have three-dimensional antiferromagnetic (AFM) corner-shared triangular network. The antiferromagnet Mn$$_3$$RhSi shows magnetic short-range order (SRO) over a wide temperature range of approximately 500 K above the N$'{e}$el temperature $$T_{rm N}$$ = 190 K. Mn$$_3$$CoSi has the smallest lattice parameter and the lowest $$T_{rm N}$$ in the family compounds. The quantum critical point (QCP) from AFM to the quantum paramagnetic state is expected near a cubic lattice parameter of 6.15 $AA. Although $T_N$$ of Mn$$_3$$CoSi is only 140 K, quantum critical behavior is observed in Mn$$_3$$CoSi as the enhancement of the electronic specific heat coefficient $$gamma$$. We study how the magnetic SRO appears in Mn$$_3$$CoSi by using neutron scattering, $$mu$$SR, and physical property measurements. The experimental results show that the neutron scattering intensity of the magnetic SRO does not change much regardless of the suppressed magnetic moment in the long-range magnetic ordered state compared to those of Mn$$_3$$RhSi. The initial asymmetry drop ratio of $$mu$$SR above $$T_{rm N}$$ becomes small, and the magnetic SRO temperature $$T_{SRO}$$ is suppressed to 240 K. The results suggest that the Mn$$_3$$CoSi is close to the QCP in the Mn$$_3$$$$TX$$ system.

論文

Unique band structure of pressure induced semiconducting state in SmS characterized by $$^{33}$$S-nuclear magnetic resonance measurements

吉田 章吾*; 芳賀 芳範; 藤井 拓斗*; 中井 祐介*; 水戸 毅*; 他8名*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 93(1), p.013702_1 - 013702_5, 2024/01

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.93.013702
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.02(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

In Kondo insulators, a small energy gap evolves only at low temperatures. In this study, $$^{33}$$S-nuclear magnetic resonance measurements under high pressures are performed to clarify the electronic structure of SmS. The spin-lattice relaxation time, consisting of multiple components, was analyzed based on a periodic Anderson model with Bayesian inference, leading to a peculiar small gap state arising from strong hybridization.

論文

Calculation of space-charge tune shift in a cylindrical chamber for bunched beams employing Green's function formalism

菖蒲田 義博

Physical Review Accelerators and Beams (Internet), 27(1), p.011001_1 - 011001_25, 2024/01

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.27.011001
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.19(Physics, Nuclear)

円筒チャンバー内でバンチされた相対論的なビームの空間電荷チューンシフトを計算する際、一般に、チャンバー壁の代わりにコースティングビームに対する鏡像電流が使用される。そして、バンチ長を特徴付けるためにバンチ因子が直感的に導入される。そのため、この手法の妥当性はいまだ未確立である。本研究では、グリーン関数を用いてバンチされたビームの空間電荷チューンシフトの計算を行い、鏡像電流を使用して導出された以前の公式と比較する。

論文

Microscopic origin of the spin-reorientation transition in the kagome topological magnet TbMn$$_{6}$$Sn$$_{6}$$

Huang, Z.*; Wang, W.*; Ye, H.*; Bao, S.*; Shangguan, Y.*; Liao, J.*; Cao, S.*; 梶本 亮一; 池内 和彦*; Deng, G.*; et al.

Physical Review B, 109(1), p.014434_1 - 014434_9, 2024/01

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.109.014434
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.01(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

TbMn$$_{6}$$Sn$$_{6}$$ is a correlated topological magnet with a Mn-based kagome lattice, in which a Chern gap opens at the Dirac point at low temperatures. The magnetic moment direction of the ferrimagnetic order changes from in the kagome plane to the out-of-plane upon cooling, which is essential for generating the Chern gap, but the underlying mechanism for the spin reorientation remains elusive. Here, we investigate the spin-reorientation transition in TbMn$$_{6}$$Sn$$_{6}$$ using neutron scattering. We provide direct evidence for the spin-reorientation transition and unveil the coexistence of two Tb modes at 200 K. To account for these results, we put forward a model based on SU(N) spin-wave theory, in which there is a temperature evolution of the ground state Tb $$4f$$ orbitals, driven by the crystalline electric field, single-ion anisotropy, and exchange interactions between Tb and Mn ions. Our findings shed light on the complex magnetism of TbMn$$_{6}$$Sn$$_{6}$$, despite its relatively simple ground state magnetic structure, and provide insights into the mechanisms for tuning magnetic topological materials.

論文

Parity assignment for low-lying dipole states in $$^{58}$$Ni

静間 俊行*; Omer, M.; 早川 岳人*; 湊 太志*; 松葉 俊哉*; 宮本 修治*; 清水 則孝*; 宇都野 穣

Physical Review C, 109(1), p.014302_1 - 014302_7, 2024/01

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.109.014302
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.19(Physics, Nuclear)

Low-lying dipole states in the singly closed-shell nucleus $$^{58}$$Ni were studied via nuclear resonance fluorescence experiments using a quasi-monoenergetic, linearly polarized photon beam. The parity quantum numbers of the dipole states were determined by the intensity asymmetry of resonantly scattered $$gamma$$-rays with respect to the polarization plane of the incident photon beam. The electric and magnetic dipole (E1 and M1) strengths at excitation energies between 5.9 and 9.8 MeV were obtained based on dipole strengths taken from literature. The E1 and M1 strength distributions were compared with large-scale shell-model predictions in the $$fp$$-shell using the SDPFSDG-MU interaction.

論文

Observation of collective modes of excitations in $$^{59}$$Co, $$^{59}$$Ni, and $$^{61}$$Co and the influence of the $$g_{9/2}$$ orbital

Ajayi, S.*; Tripathi, V.*; Rubino, E.*; Bhattacharya, S.*; Baby, L. T.*; Lubna, R. S.*; Benetti, C.*; Wibisono, C.*; Wheeler, M. B.*; Tabor, S. L.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 109(1), p.014305_1 - 014305_21, 2024/01

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.109.014305
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.19(Physics, Nuclear)

フロリダ州立大学のタンデム加速器にて$$^{59}$$Co, $$^{59}$$Niと$$^{61}$$Coの励起状態を生成し、そこからの脱励起ガンマ線からエネルギー準位を得た。$$^{59}$$Coについては$$31/2^{(+)}$$までの、$$^{59}$$Niについては$$(41/2^+)$$までの高スピン状態が得られた。これらの結果を$$pf$$殻から$$g_{9/2}$$-$$d_{5/2}$$軌道に1個までの励起を許す大規模殻模型計算と比較した結果、スピンがかなり大きなもの以外のイラスト状態の励起エネルギーをよく再現した。再現できなかった高スピン状態は、多粒子多空孔励起が主であると考えられる。また、殻模型計算からは、これらの高スピン状態のいくつかは$$M1$$遷移強度が強い$$M1$$バンドと考えられる。

論文

Photoneutron emission cross sections for $$^{13}$$C

宇都宮 弘章*; Goriely, S.*; 木村 真明*; 清水 則孝*; 宇都野 穣; Tveten, G. M.*; Renstr${o}$m, T.*; 有泉 高志*; 宮本 修治*

Physical Review C, 109(1), p.014617_1 - 014617_7, 2024/01

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.109.014617
 被引用回数：0

ニュースバルのレーザー逆コンプトン散乱光を使って、$$^{13}$$Cの光中性子放出断面積を測定した。これまで実験的な不定性が大きかった、巨大共鳴の裾にあたるエネルギー領域にピーク構造があることを確認した。その結果を大規模殻模型計算、反対称化分子動力学計算と比較し、このピーク構造を含む、光核反応断面積をよく再現することがわかった。

論文

Systematic shell-model study of $$^{99-129}$$Cd isotopes and isomers in neutron-rich $$^{127-131}$$In isotopes

Patel, D.*; Srivastava, P. C.*; 清水 則孝*; 宇都野 穣

Physical Review C, 109(1), p.014310_1 - 014310_16, 2024/01

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.109.014310
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.19(Physics, Nuclear)

大規模殻模型計算を使って、$$^{99-129}$$Cdの奇核のエネルギー準位と$$^{127-131}$$Inで知られている核異性体を計算した。知られている準位構造をよく再現した。さらに、Cd同位体において系統的に測定されている、$$11/2^-_1$$状態の電気的四重極モーメントに着目し、その中性子数に対する変化を調べた。これまでは、対相関が強い極限でよいとされる、セニョリティ描像によってこれらの四重極モーメントの値の変化が理解されてきた。大規模殻模型計算の結果、セニョリティ量子数はよくなく、変形が発達していることがわかった。四重極モーメントの変化は変形した原子核の回転軸方向を特徴づける$$K$$量子数の変化によって理解されるという新しい描像を提示した。

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